Summary: Outstanding microbiologists

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895 y)\nLouis Pasteur, a druggist by profession, who commit his life to the understand of microorganisms and the cultivation of method actings to manoeuvre infective diseases. french microbiologist and chemist and father of modern medical exam microbiology and immunology. Member of the French Medical honorary society since 1873\nHe gradational from the Ecole Normale Supérieure in 1847 in Paris. From 1849 he became a prof at the University of Strasbourg. already there Pasteur worn out(p) a mount of experiments, and matchless of them awarded his prize. Pasteur scientists pointed to the incident that the basis of more processes such as upheaval and putrefaction, argon microorganisms. Studying fermentation (milk and lactic), Pasteur found that they atomic number 18 caused by microorganisms. This nominate of Pasteur had keen interoperable value. Pasteur as well as explored how to stay fresh prokysannyu beer and wine. Especially considerable merit Pasteur achieved in the vignette of splenic fever and rabies ulcers. He proved that the rod-shaped bacteria that are found in the body bump from splenic fever sores animals are pathogens of this disease. He created the vaccinum in the laboratory.\nIn 1880 Pasteur visited the hospital where the botch up died from rabies. He withal invented a vaccine that prevents disease rabies. This vaccine has been tested in 9-year-old boy who was bitten by a fanatical dog.\nFrom 1888 and until his death he was director of the base of Microbiology (Pasteur Institute). He researched what method of sterilization of microorganisms dirty dog be prevented from getting into the water for food. He developed galore(postnominal) vaccines against several infectious diseases, including vaccine against anthrax (1881), swine erysipelas (1882) and rabies (1885). besides Pasteur activity was of enormous importance for the learning of microbiology in Russia. In Pasteur University worked particul arly IIMetchnikov, M.F.Hamaliya, S.M.Vynohradskyy.\nMechnikov (1845-1916)\nMetchnikoff do a smashing contribution to the development of microbiology. A famous Russian scientist who the 28 years he lived and worked at the Pasteur Institute. His great difficulty Mechnikov brought punk glory Pasteur Institute. He is the founder of the phagocytic theory of right. It biologist, one of the founders of embryology.\nHe gradational from Kharkov University in 1864 In 1864-67 he majored in Germany and Italy, where he analyze embryology of invertebrates. In 1867, Metchnikoff defended his master, and in 1868 his doctoral thesis. A lot of fear has allocated IIMetchnikov aging organisms. He thought infected microbes living in the human colon, envenom the body yadovytymy products for their livelihoods.\nSince 1867 Mechnikov - 1870-82 sort out professor of fauna and anatomy similar Novorossiysk University in Odessa.\nIn 1886, he founded the outset Russian Odessa bacteriological station ( now Virology and Epidemiology Odessa seek Institute). He also created the first naturalise in microbiology, pathology and immunology.\nMetchnikoff found common patterns in the development of vertebrates and invertebrates, proposed a theory of the communication channel of multicellular organisms. In 1882 he spy the phenomenon of phagocytosis, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize. Metchnikoff apply considerable aid to the development of immunity problems, achieve longevity, the study of infectious diseases (cholera, typhoid, syphilis, tuberculosis).